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Plastic surgery works closely with gynecology for the reconstruction of perineal defects after malignant tumor excision. Tumors in the genital and perineal areas sometimes require wide excisions with the removal of large sections of local tissues, which leads to significant defects and difficulties in wound closure. In these cases, the coordinated management of such conditions by two surgical specialties can help achieve the most appropriate functional and aesthetic reconstruction of the area. Less frequently, the assistance of a urologist may also be requested to ensure the function of the urethra and urination.
The procedure requires general anesthesia, and the duration of the patient’s hospital stay is jointly decided based on the size of the lesion.
After the gynecologist performs the oncological excision of the tumor, the plastic surgeon assesses the extent of the defect, the possibility of complementary therapies, the condition of the adjacent tissues, and decides on the method of reconstruction. In some cases, the transfer of neighboring tissues from the lesion area with small local flaps is required, while in others, where the defect is large, it is deemed necessary to design larger and more complex muscle and subcutaneous tissue flaps from either adjacent or distant areas of the body.